-12% is the change from 100 to 88
Calculation steps:
[( 88 - 100 ) ÷ 100] x 100 = -12%
Formula
Percentage change = [(88 - 100) / 100] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
88 - 100 = -12
-12 ÷ 100 = -0.12
-0.12 x 100 = -12%
Example