-1.78% is the change from 169 to 166
Calculation steps:
[( 166 - 169 ) ÷ 169] x 100 = -1.78%
Formula
Percentage change = [(166 - 169) / 169] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
166 - 169 = -3
-3 ÷ 169 = -0.01775147928994083
-0.01775147928994083 x 100 = -1.78%