-4.49% is the change from 178 to 170
Calculation steps:
[( 170 - 178 ) ÷ 178] x 100 = -4.49%
Formula
Percentage change = [(170 - 178) / 178] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
170 - 178 = -8
-8 ÷ 178 = -0.0449438202247191
-0.0449438202247191 x 100 = -4.49%