-4.06% is the change from 197 to 189
Calculation steps:
[( 189 - 197 ) ÷ 197] x 100 = -4.06%
Formula
Percentage change = [(189 - 197) / 197] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
189 - 197 = -8
-8 ÷ 197 = -0.04060913705583756
-0.04060913705583756 x 100 = -4.06%