-38.1% is the change from 231 to 143
Calculation steps:
[( 143 - 231 ) ÷ 231] x 100 = -38.1%
Formula
Percentage change = [(143 - 231) / 231] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
143 - 231 = -88
-88 ÷ 231 = -0.38095238095238093
-0.38095238095238093 x 100 = -38.1%