-40% is the change from 280 to 168
Calculation steps:
[( 168 - 280 ) ÷ 280] x 100 = -40%
Formula
Percentage change = [(168 - 280) / 280] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
168 - 280 = -112
-112 ÷ 280 = -0.4
-0.4 x 100 = -40%
Example