-40.21% is the change from 281 to 168
Calculation steps:
[( 168 - 281 ) ÷ 281] x 100 = -40.21%
Formula
Percentage change = [(168 - 281) / 281] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
168 - 281 = -113
-113 ÷ 281 = -0.40213523131672596
-0.40213523131672596 x 100 = -40.21%