-5.74% is the change from 331 to 312
Calculation steps:
[( 312 - 331 ) ÷ 331] x 100 = -5.74%
Formula
Percentage change = [(312 - 331) / 331] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
312 - 331 = -19
-19 ÷ 331 = -0.05740181268882175
-0.05740181268882175 x 100 = -5.74%