9.47% is the change from 412 to 451
Calculation steps:
[( 451 - 412 ) ÷ 412] x 100 = 9.47%
Formula
Percentage change = [(451 - 412) / 412] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
451 - 412 = 39
39 ÷ 412 = 0.09466019417475728
0.09466019417475728 x 100 = 9.47%