8.41% is the change from 416 to 451
Calculation steps:
[( 451 - 416 ) ÷ 416] x 100 = 8.41%
Formula
Percentage change = [(451 - 416) / 416] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
451 - 416 = 35
35 ÷ 416 = 0.08413461538461539
0.08413461538461539 x 100 = 8.41%