-2.8% is the change from 428 to 416
Calculation steps:
[( 416 - 428 ) ÷ 428] x 100 = -2.8%
Formula
Percentage change = [(416 - 428) / 428] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
416 - 428 = -12
-12 ÷ 428 = -0.028037383177570093
-0.028037383177570093 x 100 = -2.8%