-63.57% is the change from 431 to 157
Calculation steps:
[( 157 - 431 ) ÷ 431] x 100 = -63.57%
Formula
Percentage change = [(157 - 431) / 431] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
157 - 431 = -274
-274 ÷ 431 = -0.6357308584686775
-0.6357308584686775 x 100 = -63.57%