-3.94% is the change from 431 to 414
Calculation steps:
[( 414 - 431 ) ÷ 431] x 100 = -3.94%
Formula
Percentage change = [(414 - 431) / 431] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
414 - 431 = -17
-17 ÷ 431 = -0.03944315545243619
-0.03944315545243619 x 100 = -3.94%