15.78% is the change from 431 to 499
Calculation steps:
[( 499 - 431 ) ÷ 431] x 100 = 15.78%
Formula
Percentage change = [(499 - 431) / 431] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
499 - 431 = 68
68 ÷ 431 = 0.15777262180974477
0.15777262180974477 x 100 = 15.78%