4.16% is the change from 433 to 451
Calculation steps:
[( 451 - 433 ) ÷ 433] x 100 = 4.16%
Formula
Percentage change = [(451 - 433) / 433] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
451 - 433 = 18
18 ÷ 433 = 0.04157043879907621
0.04157043879907621 x 100 = 4.16%