4.15% is the change from 434 to 452
Calculation steps:
[( 452 - 434 ) ÷ 434] x 100 = 4.15%
Formula
Percentage change = [(452 - 434) / 434] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
452 - 434 = 18
18 ÷ 434 = 0.041474654377880185
0.041474654377880185 x 100 = 4.15%