-47.26% is the change from 438 to 231
Calculation steps:
[( 231 - 438 ) ÷ 438] x 100 = -47.26%
Formula
Percentage change = [(231 - 438) / 438] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
231 - 438 = -207
-207 ÷ 438 = -0.4726027397260274
-0.4726027397260274 x 100 = -47.26%