2.97% is the change from 438 to 451
Calculation steps:
[( 451 - 438 ) ÷ 438] x 100 = 2.97%
Formula
Percentage change = [(451 - 438) / 438] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
451 - 438 = 13
13 ÷ 438 = 0.02968036529680365
0.02968036529680365 x 100 = 2.97%