-2.45% is the change from 449 to 438
Calculation steps:
[( 438 - 449 ) ÷ 449] x 100 = -2.45%
Formula
Percentage change = [(438 - 449) / 449] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
438 - 449 = -11
-11 ÷ 449 = -0.024498886414253896
-0.024498886414253896 x 100 = -2.45%