-49.45% is the change from 451 to 228
Calculation steps:
[( 228 - 451 ) ÷ 451] x 100 = -49.45%
Formula
Percentage change = [(228 - 451) / 451] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
228 - 451 = -223
-223 ÷ 451 = -0.49445676274944567
-0.49445676274944567 x 100 = -49.45%