-31.26% is the change from 451 to 310
Calculation steps:
[( 310 - 451 ) ÷ 451] x 100 = -31.26%
Formula
Percentage change = [(310 - 451) / 451] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
310 - 451 = -141
-141 ÷ 451 = -0.31263858093126384
-0.31263858093126384 x 100 = -31.26%