-12.2% is the change from 451 to 396
Calculation steps:
[( 396 - 451 ) ÷ 451] x 100 = -12.2%
Formula
Percentage change = [(396 - 451) / 451] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
396 - 451 = -55
-55 ÷ 451 = -0.12195121951219512
-0.12195121951219512 x 100 = -12.2%