-11.31% is the change from 451 to 400
Calculation steps:
[( 400 - 451 ) ÷ 451] x 100 = -11.31%
Formula
Percentage change = [(400 - 451) / 451] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
400 - 451 = -51
-51 ÷ 451 = -0.1130820399113082
-0.1130820399113082 x 100 = -11.31%