-10.64% is the change from 451 to 403
Calculation steps:
[( 403 - 451 ) ÷ 451] x 100 = -10.64%
Formula
Percentage change = [(403 - 451) / 451] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
403 - 451 = -48
-48 ÷ 451 = -0.10643015521064302
-0.10643015521064302 x 100 = -10.64%