-7.76% is the change from 451 to 416
Calculation steps:
[( 416 - 451 ) ÷ 451] x 100 = -7.76%
Formula
Percentage change = [(416 - 451) / 451] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
416 - 451 = -35
-35 ÷ 451 = -0.07760532150776053
-0.07760532150776053 x 100 = -7.76%