-1.33% is the change from 451 to 445
Calculation steps:
[( 445 - 451 ) ÷ 451] x 100 = -1.33%
Formula
Percentage change = [(445 - 451) / 451] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
445 - 451 = -6
-6 ÷ 451 = -0.013303769401330377
-0.013303769401330377 x 100 = -1.33%