8.87% is the change from 451 to 491
Calculation steps:
[( 491 - 451 ) ÷ 451] x 100 = 8.87%
Formula
Percentage change = [(491 - 451) / 451] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
491 - 451 = 40
40 ÷ 451 = 0.08869179600886919
0.08869179600886919 x 100 = 8.87%