-30.97% is the change from 452 to 312
Calculation steps:
[( 312 - 452 ) ÷ 452] x 100 = -30.97%
Formula
Percentage change = [(312 - 452) / 452] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
312 - 452 = -140
-140 ÷ 452 = -0.30973451327433627
-0.30973451327433627 x 100 = -30.97%