-11.28% is the change from 452 to 401
Calculation steps:
[( 401 - 452 ) ÷ 452] x 100 = -11.28%
Formula
Percentage change = [(401 - 452) / 452] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
401 - 452 = -51
-51 ÷ 452 = -0.11283185840707964
-0.11283185840707964 x 100 = -11.28%