-8.85% is the change from 452 to 412
Calculation steps:
[( 412 - 452 ) ÷ 452] x 100 = -8.85%
Formula
Percentage change = [(412 - 452) / 452] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
412 - 452 = -40
-40 ÷ 452 = -0.08849557522123894
-0.08849557522123894 x 100 = -8.85%