-3.54% is the change from 452 to 436
Calculation steps:
[( 436 - 452 ) ÷ 452] x 100 = -3.54%
Formula
Percentage change = [(436 - 452) / 452] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
436 - 452 = -16
-16 ÷ 452 = -0.035398230088495575
-0.035398230088495575 x 100 = -3.54%