-0.22% is the change from 452 to 451
Calculation steps:
[( 451 - 452 ) ÷ 452] x 100 = -0.22%
Formula
Percentage change = [(451 - 452) / 452] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
451 - 452 = -1
-1 ÷ 452 = -0.0022123893805309734
-0.0022123893805309734 x 100 = -0.22%