-38.19% is the change from 453 to 280
Calculation steps:
[( 280 - 453 ) ÷ 453] x 100 = -38.19%
Formula
Percentage change = [(280 - 453) / 453] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
280 - 453 = -173
-173 ÷ 453 = -0.3818984547461369
-0.3818984547461369 x 100 = -38.19%