-38.11% is the change from 454 to 281
Calculation steps:
[( 281 - 454 ) ÷ 454] x 100 = -38.11%
Formula
Percentage change = [(281 - 454) / 454] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
281 - 454 = -173
-173 ÷ 454 = -0.381057268722467
-0.381057268722467 x 100 = -38.11%