-8.81% is the change from 454 to 414
Calculation steps:
[( 414 - 454 ) ÷ 454] x 100 = -8.81%
Formula
Percentage change = [(414 - 454) / 454] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
414 - 454 = -40
-40 ÷ 454 = -0.0881057268722467
-0.0881057268722467 x 100 = -8.81%