-3.52% is the change from 455 to 439
Calculation steps:
[( 439 - 455 ) ÷ 455] x 100 = -3.52%
Formula
Percentage change = [(439 - 455) / 455] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
439 - 455 = -16
-16 ÷ 455 = -0.035164835164835165
-0.035164835164835165 x 100 = -3.52%