5.05% is the change from 455 to 478
Calculation steps:
[( 478 - 455 ) ÷ 455] x 100 = 5.05%
Formula
Percentage change = [(478 - 455) / 455] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
478 - 455 = 23
23 ÷ 455 = 0.05054945054945055
0.05054945054945055 x 100 = 5.05%