-1.75% is the change from 456 to 448
Calculation steps:
[( 448 - 456 ) ÷ 456] x 100 = -1.75%
Formula
Percentage change = [(448 - 456) / 456] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
448 - 456 = -8
-8 ÷ 456 = -0.017543859649122806
-0.017543859649122806 x 100 = -1.75%