-31.95% is the change from 457 to 311
Calculation steps:
[( 311 - 457 ) ÷ 457] x 100 = -31.95%
Formula
Percentage change = [(311 - 457) / 457] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
311 - 457 = -146
-146 ÷ 457 = -0.31947483588621445
-0.31947483588621445 x 100 = -31.95%