-1.74% is the change from 459 to 451
Calculation steps:
[( 451 - 459 ) ÷ 459] x 100 = -1.74%
Formula
Percentage change = [(451 - 459) / 459] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
451 - 459 = -8
-8 ÷ 459 = -0.017429193899782137
-0.017429193899782137 x 100 = -1.74%