4.14% is the change from 459 to 478
Calculation steps:
[( 478 - 459 ) ÷ 459] x 100 = 4.14%
Formula
Percentage change = [(478 - 459) / 459] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
478 - 459 = 19
19 ÷ 459 = 0.04139433551198257
0.04139433551198257 x 100 = 4.14%