-7.01% is the change from 471 to 438
Calculation steps:
[( 438 - 471 ) ÷ 471] x 100 = -7.01%
Formula
Percentage change = [(438 - 471) / 471] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
438 - 471 = -33
-33 ÷ 471 = -0.07006369426751592
-0.07006369426751592 x 100 = -7.01%