-3.61% is the change from 471 to 454
Calculation steps:
[( 454 - 471 ) ÷ 471] x 100 = -3.61%
Formula
Percentage change = [(454 - 471) / 471] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
454 - 471 = -17
-17 ÷ 471 = -0.036093418259023353
-0.036093418259023353 x 100 = -3.61%