-2.97% is the change from 471 to 457
Calculation steps:
[( 457 - 471 ) ÷ 471] x 100 = -2.97%
Formula
Percentage change = [(457 - 471) / 471] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
457 - 471 = -14
-14 ÷ 471 = -0.029723991507430998
-0.029723991507430998 x 100 = -2.97%