-8.18% is the change from 477 to 438
Calculation steps:
[( 438 - 477 ) ÷ 477] x 100 = -8.18%
Formula
Percentage change = [(438 - 477) / 477] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
438 - 477 = -39
-39 ÷ 477 = -0.08176100628930817
-0.08176100628930817 x 100 = -8.18%