-64.64% is the change from 478 to 169
Calculation steps:
[( 169 - 478 ) ÷ 478] x 100 = -64.64%
Formula
Percentage change = [(169 - 478) / 478] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
169 - 478 = -309
-309 ÷ 478 = -0.6464435146443515
-0.6464435146443515 x 100 = -64.64%