-17.78% is the change from 478 to 393
Calculation steps:
[( 393 - 478 ) ÷ 478] x 100 = -17.78%
Formula
Percentage change = [(393 - 478) / 478] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
393 - 478 = -85
-85 ÷ 478 = -0.17782426778242677
-0.17782426778242677 x 100 = -17.78%