-13.81% is the change from 478 to 412
Calculation steps:
[( 412 - 478 ) ÷ 478] x 100 = -13.81%
Formula
Percentage change = [(412 - 478) / 478] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
412 - 478 = -66
-66 ÷ 478 = -0.13807531380753138
-0.13807531380753138 x 100 = -13.81%