-12.97% is the change from 478 to 416
Calculation steps:
[( 416 - 478 ) ÷ 478] x 100 = -12.97%
Formula
Percentage change = [(416 - 478) / 478] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
416 - 478 = -62
-62 ÷ 478 = -0.1297071129707113
-0.1297071129707113 x 100 = -12.97%