-11.92% is the change from 478 to 421
Calculation steps:
[( 421 - 478 ) ÷ 478] x 100 = -11.92%
Formula
Percentage change = [(421 - 478) / 478] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
421 - 478 = -57
-57 ÷ 478 = -0.1192468619246862
-0.1192468619246862 x 100 = -11.92%